Anthracnose, caused by the fungus Colletotrichum orbiculare, is a destructive disease of cucurbits or vine crops in warm seasons with frequent rains. The disease occurs worldwide. Losses have been greatest on watermelon, muskmelon, cucumber, gourds, and to a lesser extent on pumpkin, West Indian gherkin and chayote. Other susceptible cucurbits include citron, mock-cucumber, balsam-apple, balsam-pear, and numerous weeds belonging to the cucurbit family. Losses of 30 percent or more can occur on susceptible crops where control practices are not followed.